A study of ambiguity in contemporary poetry (The poem "Rasail al-Imam al-Shafi'i" by Abdul Wahab al-Bayati" by Abd al-Wahhab al-Bayati as a model)
خوانشی بر ابهام در شعر معاصر )با تکیه بر قصیده‌ی «رسائل الی الامام الشافعی» اثر عبدالوهاب البیاتی
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36586/jcl.2.2023.0.48.0236Keywords:
artistic ambiguity, al-Bayati, polysemy, Imam Shafi'iAbstract
Poetry, as one of the branches of art, follows the general rules of art aesthetics, and ambiguity is one of its essential elements, which is considered an attractive factor and an aesthetic criterion in poetry criticism. In this sense, ambiguity is understood as a phenomenon that evokes certain types of reading and understanding in the text. Uncertainty, polysemy and openness of meaning are the characteristics of ambiguous literary text. In this research, after studying the history, concept and function of ambiguity in contemporary Arabic poetry, we have analyzed this phenomenon in the ode "Rasail al-Imam al-Shafi'i" by Abdul Wahab al-Bayati. From the findings of the research, which was carried out in a descriptive analytical way, it was found that artistic ambiguity is a prominent feature of original poetic works, but trying to organize or regularize it is difficult or impossible because multiple readings of an ambiguous text do not necessarily lead to a complete and accurate understanding, but rather Our taste is affected by the fields of our awareness and mental perceptions. We also found that Bayati's poetry has a level of artistic ambiguity that has emerged in the context of new interpretation techniques such as symbolism, mask, myth and intertextuality, and by deepening the poetic experience, it has made his poetic style lasting and effective.
چکیده
شعر به مثابه یکی از شاخه‌های هنر از قوانین کلی زیبایی‌شناسی هنر تبعیت می‌کند و ابهام یکی از عناصر ضروری آن است که عامل جاذبه و معیار زیبایی‌شناختی در نقد شعر تلقی می‌شود؛ در این مفهوم ابهام به عنوان پدیده‌ای درک می‌شود که انواع خاصی از خوانش و درک را در متن برمی‌انگیزد. نبود قطعیت، چندمعنایی و گشودگی معنا از ویژگی‌های بارز متن ادبی مبهم است. در این پژوهش ضمن بررسی تاریخچه، مفهوم و کارکرد ابهام در شعر معاصر عربی به تحلیل این پدیده در قصیده «رسائل الی الامام الشافعی» اثر عبدالوهاب البیاتی پرداخته‌ایم. از یافته‌های پژوهش که به شیوه تحلیلی توصیفی انجام شد چنین دریافت شد که ابهام هنری ویژگی بارز آثار اصیل شعری است اما تلاش برای مرزبندی یا قاعده‌مند کردن آن کاری دشوار یا ناممکن است زیرا خوانش‌های متعدد از متن مبهم لزوما به ادراک کامل و دقیق منتهی نمی‌شود بلکه ذوق ما متاثر از زمینه‌های آگاهی و دریافت‌های ذهنی‌مان است. همچنین دریافتیم که شعر البیاتی دارای سطحی از ابهام هنری است که در بستر روش‌های جدید تعبیر ادبی مانند نمادپردازی، نقاب، اسطوره و بینامتنیت ظهور یافته و با عمق بخشیدن به تجربه شاعرانه باعث ماندگاری و تاثیرگذاری سبک شعری وی شده است.
واژگان کلیدی: ابهام هنری، البیاتی، چند معنایی، امام شافعی
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