اثر الجنسانية (الهوية الجنسية) على عملية الترجمة و نتاجها
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36586/jcl.2.2022.0.45.0053الكلمات المفتاحية:
الجنس – المُترجم – المُقيم – التأثير – التحيزالملخص
لقد اجريت ولا زالت تجرى الكثير من الدراسات في مجال الترجمة. لكن ومنذ منتصف التسعينات تناول عدد لابأس به من البحوث مشكلة الهوية الجنسية واثرها في عملية الترجمة و ناتج الترجمة على حد سواء. و يشير Simon (508 :1996) الى حقيقة ان وعند مقارنة النساء والمترجمين بالرجال و الكُتاب عبر التاريخ فأن النساء هن الطرف الاضعف. و مهد هذا الامر الطريق لظهور الحركات النسائية والتي نتج عنها دراسات واعدة عن الجنس كمفهوم و عن الهوية الجنسية للمُترجم كتطبيق فيما يتعلق بنوعية الترجمة ودقتها.
حدد Flotow (in Meschia, 2012, p 1-4) عدة قضايا يُمكن ان يتم الاستقصاء عنها فيما يخص كل من الترجمة و الهوية الجنسية وهي: الدراسات التاريخية و الافكار النظرية و الهوية الجنسية للمُترجم و قضايا ما بعد فترة الاستعمار واخيراً الحيثيات الثقافية. سيتعامل هذا البحث مع مُخرجين يتعلقان بالهوية الجنسية وهما هوية المُترجم (واثرها على الترجمة إذا ما كان هناك من اثر لها) و هوية المُقيم للنص المُترجم (واثرها على الترجمة إذا ما كان هناك من اثر لها).
يهدف هذا البحث الى الاستقصاء عن وجود اي تأثير ذو اثر سيء للهوية الجنسية في عملية الترجمة و نتاجها. ولهذا الغرض تم الاستقصاء عن طريق الطلب من 40 طالب من قسم الترجمة في كلية المأمون الجامعة بالإضافة الى 20 من الخريجين القيام بتقييم و تحليل وذلك عبر توجيه استبيان (يتعلق بهوية المُترجم و المُقيم) و تقييم ترجمي لقصيدة (شكسبير) رقم 18 مع اربع ترجمات لها.
ولقد اظهرت الدراسة ان هناك اثر طفيف لظاهرة التحيز الجنسي لدى الطلاب وصل الى ما نسبته 12.5% و 5% لدى الخريجين. وهذا يوضح ان ما نسبته 87.5% من الطلاب و 95% من الخريجين لم يكونوا عرضة لمثل هذا التأثير. ولقد اثبت هذا ما طرحته فكرة البحث من وجود اختلاف طفيف في اللغة المستخدمة لكل جنس لكنه لا ولم يؤثر في الهوية الجنسية للمُترجم او المٌقيم.
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